Wang Zhongjiang:The Chinese Cosmopolitan(tianxia) Conception of Justice and Order
Date:2025-07-14Executive Directorof the Institute forAdvanced HumanisticStudiesat Peking University and President of Chinese Confucius Academy
If humans establish a good order of mutual relations between different ethnic groups and countries, which refers to mutual respect, equality, peace, friendly exchanges and coexistence, and call it civilization, then this is the goal of world justice. The belief in "Tianxia-ism" in China has a long history, which not only has establishedgoals for world justice, but also has providedanswers to this goal. This answer to the moral and rule-based worldview of justice and order has strong universalityand normativity, and it forms a huge contrast with various realistic theories of international relations and balance of power. The encounter and contact between the East and the West is an opportunity to establish a new world.
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